In the world of education, few topics generate as much debate as class size. It seems intuitive: smaller classes must be better for student learning, right? While it’s true that a teacher may enjoy having fewer students to manage, decades of research suggest that reducing class size does not automatically translate to significant academic gains – particularly in the later elementary and secondary grades.
A comprehensive Campbell Systematic Review (2018) examined 127 studies across 41 countries, aiming to settle this very question. The findings were eye-opening. Across primary and secondary education, class size had little to no measurable impact on student outcomes in math, and only a modest positive effect on reading performance in younger students. In other words, simply placing children in smaller groups did not reliably lead to better academic achievement.
Another major study by Bowne et al. (2017), focused on early childhood settings, found that substantial academic gains were only observed when student-teacher ratios dropped very low – well below what most schools can feasibly sustain. While gains of 0.10 to 0.22 standard deviations were noted in very small groups, the study confirmed that class size alone is not the key driver of learning.
So what does move the needle?
At Ascent Classical Academies, we believe the answer is clear: extraordinary teachers and a time-tested curriculum. Research continues to show that the quality of instruction matters far more than the number of students in a classroom. That’s why we focus our efforts on attracting and developing passionate, mission-driven educators who embody the virtues we teach and are deeply committed to their craft.
Our teachers are carefully selected not only for their qualifications, but for their dedication to the classical liberal arts tradition. Through ongoing training and mentorship, they cultivate classrooms that are orderly, intellectually rigorous, and filled with joy in learning.
At a time when families across the country are searching for high-quality educational options, we believe it is our responsibility to make classical education accessible to as many students as possible, rather than limiting that opportunity based on a misguided emphasis on small class sizes.
Ultimately, what children need most is not fewer peers – but more purpose. They need teachers who will inspire them, challenge them, and walk alongside them in their journey toward wisdom and virtue. That’s the investment we’re making. That’s the difference that lasts.